Pre-writing is writing that is done _____ the rough draft.

Pre-writing refers to the activities and processes that occur before creating a rough draft. This phase includes brainstorming, outlining, and organizing thoughts, which are all essential steps to clarify ideas and structure the writing effectively. By engaging in pre-writing, authors can develop a clearer understanding of their topic and audience, leading to a more coherent and focused rough draft. Therefore, the term "pre" directly indicates that this stage precedes the actual drafting of the piece. Engaging in pre-writing ensures that the writer is adequately prepared, making the drafting process smoother and more efficient.